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What is 4-field resolution HLA typing?

HLA typing resolution refers to the level of detail to which the HLA alleles are identified. There are 4 possible fields of resolution: Antigen recognition site (1-field) -- Identifies the major antigen recognition site variants, e.g. HLA-A*02 …

How do I interpret and utilize HLA typing report data?

The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system plays a vital role in adaptive immunity and transplantation outcomes. HLA typing aims to characterize an individual’s HLA allele variants across several genes that encode HLA proteins. The results are…

Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Typing in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an established therapeutic option for patients with high-risk hematologic malignancies and bone marrow failure syndromes. It involves the transplantation of blood stem cells to reestablish hematopoietic…

What are the advantages of NGS for HLA typing over conventional methods?

Advantages of NGS for HLA typing Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has several key advantages over conventional methods like PCR-SSO and PCR-sequencing for HLA typing. High resolution NGS enables unambiguous, high-resolution HLA typing results…

HLA Typing Services Webinar

View this brief webinar to learn about The Sequencing Center's HLA Typing Services. (Audio starts at 4:00).  

What are common failures in sample collection that lead to issues in HLA Typing accuracy?

Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) typing is a critical process used in organ transplantation, immunology, and disease association studies. The accuracy of HLA typing is crucial to ensure correct compatibility assessment and to minimize the risk…

Why are HLA-DRB1/3/4/5 difficult to type?

HLA-DRB1, HLA-DRB3, HLA-DRB4 and HLA-DRB5 are difficult to type for several reasons. First, these four HLA alleles are highly polymorphic, meaning that they can have multiple variations that make it difficult to accurately type them. Second,…

Do you offer HLA-G Typing?

Yes, we do provide an HLA-G typing service.  Most clients include HLA-G in addition to sequencing and typing other Class I and Class II alleles.  However, we can type HLA-G alone if this is required.   HLA-G Background HLA-G…

What is HLA Typing?

Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Typing or genotyping is a process used to determine the variation between genes in individuals that code for HLA proteins in their white blood cells. This process is important as it affects the way an individual’s…

What diseases are associated with HLA alleles?

The set of HLA alleles are associated with a wide variety of disease states.  Some of the more common HLA - disease associations are listed here.   What diseases are associated with HLA-A? The diseases associated with HLA-A include:…

Discovery of a Recombination Event

In a recent HLA Next Gen sequencing run, one of our client's samples displayed some puzzling results.  A standard HLA typing report showed a near-perfect sequence alignment across the first two exons (and first intron) in allele HLA-DPA1 followed…

Can you explain typing 3′-UTR polymorphisms in the HLA-G allele?

The non-classical HLA-G allele is associated with numerous disease states, including pre-eclampsia, asthma, several types of cancer and autoimmune diseases.  We sequence HLA-G using a whole-gene amplification strategy from GenDx.  In HLA-G…

Can you perform HLA typing from FFPE samples?

FFPE (Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded) is a tissue fixation method used for archival storage of tissue samples in biobanks and clinical repositories.  Both normal and diseased tissue types are stored in FFPE format, often for years or decades. Unfortunately,…

Can you perform single-cell HLA typing?

We occasionally get inquiries as to whether we can perform HLA sequencing and typing from single-cell samples or samples with very low cell counts (i.e. blastomeres, etc.).  Unfortunately, we cannot run HLA typing from samples with low, or…
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Why does DRB1/3/4/5 show ‘No typing result available’?

We use the GenDx NGSengine application for HLA typing and HLA report generation. The HLA loci DRB3, DRB4 and DRB5 are paralogs of locus DRB1.  Thus, they share a significant fraction of their genetic sequence with DRB1. The NGSengine HLA…
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What does an HLA report look like?

Our HLA reports are generated automatically by the GenDX NGSengine® software and includes information about HLA allele typing calls, allele ambiguities and relevant metadata. The exact set of loci displayed in an HLA report will depend on…
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HLA PIRCHE matching service

NGSengine can now export HLA typing results of an individual sample directly to the PIRCHE matching services website. This will facilitate laboratories to predict indirectly recognizable HLA epitopes for either hematopoietic stem cells or solid…

What is the IMGT/HLA database?

IMGT Database The IPD-IMGT/HLA database contains genetic sequence and allele data for the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC). This database is foundational for many HLA Typing algorithms and Next-Generation sequencing projects.  It…
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What does “exon mismatch” mean in HLA reports?

If you see the identifier "exon mismatch" in some alleles in our HLA reports, there may be a good explanation for it.  We'll explain briefly here.   IMGT Database The IMGT HLA database is a standard reference library for determining…
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What version of HLA NGSengine do you use?

GenDx Reports We use GenDx NGSengine for HLA typing and HLA report generation.  The current version of NGSengine v.2.29.0.  This version of NGSengine includes the IMGT/HLA database v.3.50.0.