Bioinformatics – The Sequencing Center

Whole Genome Bioinformatics bioinformatics, report, sequence alignment, variant call

What does a sequence alignment and variant call report look like?

Our sequence alignment and variant call reports are generated by a tool called Geneious Prime. We export a select list of variables including CDS, polymorphism types, codon change, amino acid change and protein effect. There is a wealth of…

Whole Genome Bioinformatics denovo assembly, genome assembly, PATRIC

How to perform de novo assembly with PATRIC

De novo assembly is a method for generating contigs, scaffolds or complete genomes from Next Generation sequencing reads (i.e. DNA fragments). Some researchers use the free, online bioinformatics tool PATRIC for de novo assembly. PATRIC…

Bioinformatics bioinformatics, NCBI, nucleotide blast search

How to perform an NCBI nucleotide BLAST search

We often use NCBI nucleotide Blast queries to identify DNA sequences derived from Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) runs. This brief note describes how to use the NCBI Blast algorithm and website with NGS DNA datasets. Create an NCBI Account Before…

Microbial Bioinformatics bioinformatics, Geneious, genome annotation

How to annotate a genome with Geneious

Geneious Annotations Geneious Prime includes genome annotation features and reports. Annotation is often used to describe the structure and function of various genomic regions, such as genes, CDS's (coding sequences), exons, introns, 5'-…

Microbial Bioinformatics bioinformatics, Geneious, variant calls

How to create Geneious variant call reports

Geneious Reports We have numerous clients who use Geneious for bioinformatics data analysis. They use Geneious for sequence alignments of their sample datasets against reference genomes and for the interpretation of Geneious variant call…

Metagenomic Bioinformatics bioinformatics, Kraken, microbiome, reports

Microbiome reports with Kraken

We use a variety of data analysis tools such as OneCodex and Megan6 for quantifying and visualizing metagenomic sequencing datasets. Kraken2 is a popular taxonomic classification tool for metagenomic and microbiome sequencing results. The…

Microbial Bioinformatics bioinformatics, Geneious, genome sequence alignment, variant calls

Geneious sequence alignment & variant calls workflow

Geneious Prime is one of many bioinformatics tools that we use to postprocess sequencing datasets. Geneious includes an extensive set of functions to perform sequence alignments of sample reads against reference genomes. And it includes…

Whole Genome Bioinformatics bioinformatics, Illumina adapters sequences, indexing

Trimming Illumina adapter sequences

Adapter Sequences During the library preparation process, Illumina adapter sequences are annealed to sequencing reads. The adapter sequences are required for attaching reads to flow cells and for attaching indexes to reads. When sequencing…

Bioinformatics bioinformatics

What’s included in “basic bioinformatics”?

The Sequencing Center provides basic bioinformatics as an inclusive service with all genome sequencing projects. Here's what you can expect to receive with each type of project. Microbial Projects FASTQ Files: All microbial sequencing projects…

Metagenomic Bioinformatics megan6, metagenomic sequencing, microbiome

Microbiome reports with Megan6

We use MEGAN6 to generate microbiome reports along with a host of other analytical and visualization tools. Here is an example of a microbiome report from MEGAN6. Fig. 1 Fig. 1 shows a phylogram of a human nasopharyngeal sample displayed…

Whole Genome Bioinformatics bioinformatics, de novo assembly

What is de novo assembly?

De novo assembly is a method for constructing genomes from a large number of (short- or long-) DNA fragments, with no a priori knowledge of the correct sequence or order of those fragments. The terminology for de novo assembly is sometimes…

Whole Genome Bioinformatics bioinformatics, unmapped reads

What are unmapped reads?

Save Unmapped Reads One of the most common activities we perform is the sequence alignment of sequenced bacterial samples against known reference genomes. The alignment process generates two types of output: mapped reads and unmapped reads.…

Microbial Bioinformatics bioinformatics. Geneious

Sequence alignments with Geneious

Geneious Alignments We often use Geneious for the alignment of sequenced samples to reference genomes. When sequencing runs are finished, our sequencers generate raw FastQ files, which typically contain millions of short DNA fragments ("reads").…

Metagenomic Bioinformatics metagenomic sequencing, microbiome, one codex, reports

Microbiome reports with One Codex

We use One Codex to generate microbiome reports along with a host of other analytical and visualization tools. Here is an example of a microbiome report from One Codex. Fig. 1 Rank-ordered Abundance Fig. 1 shows the rank-ordered…

Microbial Bioinformatics bioinformatics, Geneious, variant calls, whole genome sequencing

How to read Geneious variant call reports

Reading Geneious Reports We often use Geneious to generate SNP/indel variant call reports. A truncated report is available here. (The number of SNP's/indels in a typical report can be quite large so we only show a few records in this example). Report…